During labor the top of the uterus contracts causing a thrusting action to push the baby down toward the cervix.
The placenta is remarkable; by providing nutrients from the mother through the umbilical cord, it allows oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanges.
The amniotic sac contains up to 1 quart of fluid (the dark area around the baby) that is clear and odorless. When the water breaks, it leaks out through the vagina and continues to leak fluid until the baby is born.
Umbilical Cord—connects the baby’s navel and the placenta.
Cervix—this is the lower portion or neck of the uterus. During labor, the cervix thins (effacement) and opens (dilation) to allow the baby to pass into the vagina.
Vagina—because of pregnancy changes the vaginal wall becomes more elastic and increases secretions that cause more vaginal discharge.
Vertebrae are the bones that protect the spine. During an epidural the doctor places the epidural between the vertebrae to the epidural space.

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